The vocative case is used for direct address — when calling out to someone or something. Example: Marko, hajde! (Marko, come here!)
The vocative case is used for direct address—when you're calling out to someone or something directly.
In Bosnian, it's used when you want to get someone's attention or address them directly in conversation.
💡 Think of the vocative as the "calling form" - it's how you call out to someone!
• The vocative is the standard case for direct address in everyday conversation as well as formal speech.
• Some speakers use nominative forms with certain names in casual speech; usage depends on the name and region.
• Many feminine names also have vocative forms, such as Sara → Saro and Lejla → Lejlo. Neuter nouns generally keep the same form.
• Regional usage varies; distinguish conversational variants from the standard forms taught here.
• When a distinct standard vocative exists, use it for direct address. Nominative substitution is not universally correct.